As of 1 January 2015, in accordance with the article 7.1b of “the Law on Foreigners and International Protection” no. 6458, foreigners wishing to enter Türkiye should carry a travel document (passport) with an expiration date at least 60 days beyond the “duration of stay” of their visa, e-Visa, visa exemption, or residence permit.

Many European countries are exempt from visa up to 90 days of visit with ordinary and official passports.

Please see further information from official website of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Türkiye

https://www.mfa.gov.tr/visa-information-for-foreigners.en.mfa

Airports

There are two main airports are active in Istanbul. Both are located in a convenient district and easily accessible: 

• Istanbul Airport (IST): The main international gateway.
• Sabiha Gökçen International Airport (SAW): Commonly used by low-cost carriers

Transport to Taksim

• Shuttle Services: Economical and convenient, offering drop-offs at major destinations.
• From IST: Havaist company is offering direct service from airport to Taksim square.  https://www.hava.ist/?lang=en 
• From SAW: Havabüs offers direct service to Taksim square.  https://www.havabus.com/

By Tram

Istanbul has a complex subway map but connects most of the main locations.

You can use your own credit card to use any kind of public transportation. Since the fees are higher, purchasing “Istanbul Card” is recommended to use public transportation systems.

Metro system map 

For the public transport fares: https://iett.istanbul/icerik/IETT-Toplu-Ulasim-ucret-Tarifesi 

• Hagia Sophia (Ayasofya): Originally a cathedral, then a mosque, and now a museum, one of the iconic places in Istanbul
• Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmed Mosque): A stunning Ottoman-era mosque with distinctive blue tiles.
• Topkapi Palace: The former palace of Ottoman sultans, now a museum showcasing imperial collections.
• Grand Bazaar (Kapalı Çarşı): One of the world’s oldest and largest covered markets, offering a variety of goods and souvenirs.
• Basilica Cistern (Yerebatan Sarnıcı): An ancient underground water reservoir with impressive Medusa head sculptures.
• Galata Tower: A medieval tower offering panoramic views of Istanbul.
• Süleymaniye Mosque: Another magnificent Ottoman mosque, known for its stunning architecture and views of the Golden Horn.
• Istanbul Archaeology Museums: A complex of three museums housing a vast collection of artifacts from various civilizations.
• Dolmabahçe Palace: A 19th-century palace along the Bosphorus, reflecting a mix of European and Ottoman architectural styles.
• Spice Bazaar (Egyptian Bazaar): A vibrant market selling spices, sweets, and other goods.
• Bosphorus Cruise: Not a specific landmark, but a cruise along the Bosphorus offers breathtaking views of the city’s skyline and historical sites.
• Rumeli Fortress (Rumelihisarı): A fortress on the European side of the Bosphorus, built by the Ottomans.
• Istanbul Modern Art Museum: Featuring contemporary Turkish art in a renovated warehouse along the Bosphorus.
• Maiden’s Tower (Kız Kulesi): A small tower on an islet in the Bosphorus with a rich history and legends.
• Little Hagia Sophia (Küçük Ayasofya): An early Byzantine church with a similar architectural style to Hagia Sophia.
• Galata Bridge: Connecting Karaköy to Eminönü, this iconic bridge spans the Golden Horn and offers picturesque views of the cityscape. It’s a great place for a leisurely walk.
• Istanbul Naval Museum (Deniz Müzesi): Showcasing Turkey’s maritime history with exhibits of naval artifacts.
• Rustem Pasha Mosque: Known for its exquisite Iznik tiles, this mosque is a hidden gem near the Spice Bazaar.
• Pierre Loti Hill: A hill offering panoramic views of the Golden Horn, named after the French author Pierre Loti.
• Theodosian Walls: Ancient defensive walls that once protected Constantinople, providing a glimpse into the city’s history.
• Istiklal Avenue: A bustling pedestrian street in the heart of Taksim, lined with shops, cafes, and historical buildings. It’s a lively and central part of modern Istanbul, where Odakule is also located. 
• Galata Bridge: Connecting Karaköy to Eminönü, this iconic bridge spans the Golden Horn and offers picturesque views of the cityscape. It’s a great place for a leisurely walk.

While Istanbul is a welcoming city, it’s always wise to be mindful of certain aspects to ensure a smooth and enjoyable experience. Here are key considerations:

Traffic Awareness:

• Istanbul is a city with heavy traffic, therefore it is recommended to use the railway and check the distance via different map applications (Google map works for public transport generally well – may not at the new metro lines and Yandex is good at showing the traffic jams and potential arrival time). 
• You can check the metro/tram lines here: https://metro.istanbul/Home 
• Use designated crossings: Traffic in Istanbul can be intense. Cross streets at designated pedestrian crossings for safety.
• Watch for scooters and small vehicles: Be aware of smaller vehicles weaving through traffic, especially in narrow streets.

Navigating Public Transportation:  

• Use Istanbulkart (Also available only as App) for public transport: Purchase/ Download Istanbulkart for convenient and cost-effective travel on public transportation.
• Be aware of rush hours: Plan your journeys to avoid peak hours on public transportation for a more comfortable experience.

Language Considerations:

• • Learn basic Turkish phrases: While English is widely spoken, learning a few basic Turkish phrases can enhance your interactions.
  • Use translation apps: Having translation apps can be helpful, especially in less touristy areas.

Bargaining Etiquette:

• Enjoy the process: Bargaining is common in markets like the Grand Bazaar. Approach it as a cultural experience, but remain respectful.
• Know the fair price: Research approximate prices before bargaining to ensure a fair deal for both parties.

Water and Food Safety:

• Opt for bottled water: In Istanbul tap water is generally not consumed, stick to bottled water, readily available in stores and restaurants.

Weather Preparedness:

• September can be hot or mild, and rainy as well. Check weather forecasts, before preparing your luggage. Stay informed to plan your activities accordingly.

Cultural Events and Festivals:

Check local events: Istanbul hosts various cultural events and festivals. Check local calendars to enhance your cultural experience. You can use different websites, one of them gathering all the cultural events is https://radar.istanbul/